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・ Islamic Azad University of Ramsar
・ Islamic Azad University of Rasht
・ Islamic Azad University of Sabzevar
・ Islamic Azad University of Science and Research of Fars
・ Islamic Azad University of Shahinshahr
・ Islamic Azad University of Shahr Rey
・ Islamic Azad University of Shiraz
・ Islamic Azad University of Tabriz
・ Islamic Azad University of Tafresh
・ Islamic Azad University of Zanjan
・ Islamic Azad University Roudehen Branch
・ Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch
・ Islamic Azad University West Tehran Branch
・ Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
・ Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Science and Research Branch
Islamic banking and finance
・ Islamic banking in Malaysia
・ Islamic banking in Saudi Arabia
・ Islamic bicycle
・ Islamic Bill of Rights for Women in the Mosque
・ Islamic bioethics
・ Islamic Broadcast Network
・ Islamic Cairo
・ Islamic calendar
・ Islamic calligraphy
・ Islamic Center and Mosque of Grand Rapids
・ Islamic Center of America
・ Islamic Center of Central Missouri
・ Islamic Center of Connecticut
・ Islamic Center of Daejeon


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Islamic banking and finance : ウィキペディア英語版
Islamic banking and finance

Islamic banking ((アラビア語:مصرفية إسلامية)) is banking or banking activity that is consistent with the principles of sharia (Islamic law) and its practical application through the development of Islamic economics. As such, a more correct term for Islamic banking is sharia compliant finance.〔(Khan, Ajaz A., Sharia Compliant finance )| halalmonk.com〕
Sharia prohibits acceptance of specific interest or fees for loans of money (known as ''riba'', or usury), whether the payment is fixed or floating. Investment in businesses that provide goods or services considered contrary to Islamic principles (e.g. pork or alcohol) is also ''haraam'' ("sinful and prohibited"). Although these prohibitions have been applied historically in varying degrees in Muslim countries/communities to prevent unIslamic practices, only in the late 20th century were a number of Islamic banks formed to apply these principles to private or semi-private commercial institutions within the Muslim community.〔Rammal, H. G. and Zurbruegg, R. (2007). Awareness of Islamic Banking Products Among Muslims: The Case of Australia. ''Journal of Financial Services Marketing'', 12(1), 65–74.〕〔Saeed, A. (1996). "Islamic Banking and Interest: A Study of the Prohibition of Riba and its Contemporary Interpretation". Leiden, Netherlands: E.J.Brill.〕
As of 2014, sharia compliant financial institutions represented approximately 1% of total world assets. By 2009, there were over 300 banks and 250 mutual funds around the world complying with Islamic principles and as of 2014 total assets of around $2 trillion were sharia-compliant. According to Ernst & Young, although Islamic Banking still makes up only a fraction of the banking assets of Muslims, it has been growing faster than banking assets as a whole, growing at an annual rate of 17.6% between 2009 and 2013, and is projected to grow by an average of 19.7% a year to 2018.〔
==History==


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